Perioral Rejuvenation: Assessment, Treatment Selection, & Complications
Perioral rejuvenation is a set of procedures that restore the aged appearance of the perioral region.
Cosmetic
Laser Resurfacing: Assessment, Treatment Planning, & Technique
Laser resurfacing is a cosmetic procedure using controlled thermal injury to improve skin texture and appearance.
Brow Ptosis: Anatomy, Assessment, & Management
Brow ptosis is brow descent causing visual obstruction or aesthetic imbalance. Learn anatomy, assessment, operative principles, and complications.
Brow Lift: Assessment, Surgical Techniques, & Outcomes
Learn brow lift assessment, anatomy, surgical techniques, complications, and treatment planning for aesthetic and functional brow rejuvenation.
Non-Surgical Rhinoplasty: Assessment, Anatomy, & Technique
Learn non-surgical rhinoplasty, including patient assessment, nasal anatomy, injection technique, complication management, and aftercare.
How to Assess the Ageing Face: Anatomy, Examination, & Treatment Planning
Learn how to assess the ageing face using a structured approach to anatomy, examination, photography, and treatment planning.
Managing Unrealistic Expectations & Patient Dissatisfaction in Plastic Surgery
Learn how to manage unrealistic expectations, improve patient communication, and reduce dissatisfaction in plastic surgery practice.
Aesthetic Consultation: Suitability, Consent, & Treatment Planning
Aesthetic consultations are clinical assessments that determine treatment suitability, safety, and patient autonomy.
Informed Consent in Aesthetic Practice: Assessment, Disclosure, & Documentation
Informed consent in aesthetic practice is a shared decision-making process confirming capacity, voluntariness, and risk understanding.
Ethical Decision-Making in Cosmetic Surgery: Patient Selection, Consent & Ethics
Learn the ethical principles of cosmetic surgery, including patient selection, consent, capacity, professional duties, and revision decisions.
Abdominoplasty: Clinical Assessment, Surgical Techniques, & Complications
Abdominoplasty excises redundant abdominal skin/fat, repairs rectus diastasis, and repositions the umbilicus. Huger vascular zones guide safe flap elevation. Standard low-transverse excision with rectus plication is used. Seroma is frequent and venous thromboembolism is the most severe complication.
Rhinoplasty: Nasal Analysis, Assessment, & Surgical Techniques
Rhinoplasty merges airway function and aesthetics. Patient selection and nasal analysis guide strategy. Open access enables grafting; closed suits minor tweaks. Structural or preservation methods refine the septum, dorsum, & tip. Watch for airway issues, bleeding, & scarring.
Blepharoplasty: Anatomy, Evaluation, & Surgical Technique
Blepharoplasty rejuvenates eyelids. Upper: excise extra skin and fat to fix dermatochalasis. Lower: transconjunctival or transcutaneous access to adjust fat, release ligaments, and support the canthus. Preop check dry eye, MRD1, laxity, vector. The biggest risk is retrobulbar hematoma.
Chemical Peels: Classification, Indications, & Complications
Chemical peels apply controlled acids to resurface skin and spark collagen repair. Superficial, medium, and deep depths offer escalating gains for photoaging, acne, and pigment issues, yet also rising downtime and risks; deep phenol/TCA peels need strict monitoring.
Facelift: Anatomy, Clinical Assessment, & Techniques
Facelift repositions SMAS and skin to restore midface, jawline, and neck contours. Thorough pre-op assessment guides technique choice from skin-only to deep-plane/high-SMAS, balancing durability and risk. Nerve protection plus vigilant post-op care curbs hematoma, necrosis, and asymmetry.
Injectable Fillers: Classification, Indications, & Injection Techniques
Injectable fillers restore volume and contour without surgery. HA gives lift; biostimulants like PLLA and CaHA spark collagen. The filler choice depends on the zone and goals. Adverse effects include bruising, occlusion, and rare blindness. These emergencies may require hyaluronidase.
Fat Grafting: Basic Science, Techniques, & Patient Management
Fat grafting transfers autologous adipose tissue for volume restoration, contour correction, and tissue repair. The process involves harvesting, processing, and reinjection. Key complications include fat resorption, necrosis, and embolism.
Lasers: Principles, Clinical Applications, & Complications
Laser treatments provide minimally invasive procedures in resurfacing, scar revision, & lesion removal. Mechanisms involve collimated, monochromatic, & coherent light-targeting chromophores.
Breast Ptosis: Classification, Assessment, & Surgical Management
Breast Ptosis is the descent of the nipple below the inframammary fold, caused by aging, pregnancy, weight changes, and genetics. Classified into Grades 1–3 (Regnault system), it’s managed with mastopexy, augmentation, or reduction, with risks like hematoma, infection, and scarring.
BIA-ALCL: Risk Factors, Diagnosis, & Management
BIA-ALCL (Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma) features include delayed seroma and swelling, with diagnosis relying on imaging and CD30 immunohistochemistry. En-bloc resection is critical, with chemotherapy or radiotherapy for advanced cases.
Botulinum Toxin: Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, & Injection Techniques
Botulinum toxin is a versatile neurotoxin that inhibits acetylcholine release, causing temporary muscle paralysis. FDA-approved for migraines, hyperhidrosis, and bladder issues, it’s also used off-label for facial aesthetics and pain. Proper technique and anatomy knowledge ensure effective outcomes.
Capsular Contracture: Aetiology, Classification, & Management
Capsular contracture is the thickening and hardening of the capsule around breast implants, leading to pain and deformity. Classified by Baker's system (I-IV), treatment ranges from conservative management to surgical interventions such as capsulectomy.
Overview of Breast Augmentation: Implants, Surgery, & Complications
Breast augmentation uses implants to enhance size and shape, with techniques tailored to patient needs and potential complications like BIA-ALCL.
Gynaecomastia: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, & Treatment
Gynecomastia is male breast enlargement due to glandular growth and fat, caused by hormonal imbalances. It often presents as painless and bilateral. Diagnosis involves history, tests, and imaging. Treatment ranges from lifestyle changes and medication to surgery for persistent cases.
Liposuction: Assessment, Technique, & Complications
Liposuction is one of the most commonly performed cosmetic procedures. This reviews the science of liposuction and its indications, techniques, and outcomes.
Upper Eyelid Ptosis: Classification, Diagnosis, & Management
Upper eyelid ptosis is the abnormal drooping of the upper lid due to dysfunction of the levator or Müller’s muscle. It can be congenital or acquired. Diagnosis requires eyelid measurements and levator assessment. Surgery is tailored to function and severity.
"RHINO" Nasal Analysis for Rhinoplasty
The pre-operative Rhinoplasty examination can often be challenging. The "RHINO" structure, which was created by P'Fella, can act as a template and guide for the patient consultation.